xǐbái
Also written: xibai; whitewash; image rehabilitation; redeem; reputation clean-up
Chinese slang used in story criticism for an attempt to make a harmful or villainous character appear innocent, sympathetic, or redeemed without adequately confronting the character’s actions.
Literal meaning
wash white
Cultural context
In drama discussion, the criticism is aimed at narrative framing. A tragic past, romance, sacrifice, or sudden act of kindness may be used to soften a character, but viewers may reject the change when accountability and development are missing.
How dramas use it
Viewers may accuse a drama of whitewashing a villain when the script minimizes harm, transfers blame, erases consequences, or expects forgiveness after an unearned late redemption.
Usage & formality
Not every redemption arc is whitewashing. A convincing arc acknowledges the damage, allows consequences, and shows meaningful change rather than merely supplying an excuse.